Procesul de imbatranire cu cauzele endogene si exogene
1. Teoria radicalilor liberi in procesul de imbatrinire
- Radicalii liberi considerati ca mediatori
patologici.
- Formarea de radicali liberi prin: Factorii
exogeni ca poluarea aerului, razele-UV, radiatii ionizante, etc., factorii
endogeni pot fi stres, exercitiu fizic extenuant, inflamatii, fumat, etc.
- Tipuri de radicali liberi: Radicalii liberi
ai oxigenului, Radicalii liberi ai azotului, Radicalul thiil,etc
Formarea de radicali
liberi
Structura celulei
este oxidata de actiunea agresiva a radicalilor liberi
- Inalta concentratie de oxigen reactiv
- radicalii liberi si cantitatea insuficienta in organism de antioxidanti,
genera in organite (centrale energetice celulare) eficacitatea scazuta a
repararii ADN-ului, ca rezultat: Disfunctia mitocondriala, care este o caracteristica
a celulelor maligne.
Distrugerile
ADN-ului de radicalii liberi care produc stres oxidativ
- Mutatiile ADN-ului de radicalii liberi afecteaza energia celulara
ATP Administrarea de antioxidanti ca factor anti cancer determina reversia
fenotipului malign prin inhibarea celulelor de cancer - Anti cancer: EGCG Galatul de epigalocatechina
Degradarea ADN-ului
prin acumularea de 8-hidroxi-2’-deoxiguanozina
Reversia fenotipului
malign prin inhibarea celulelor de cancer
Despre antioxidanti: Antioxidantii sint
molecule care apara organismul de efectele oxigenului reactiv - Radicalii
liberi
Radicalii liberi produc stres oxidativ, iar antioxidantii apara celula de
radicalii liberi care sint molecule instabile, contin electroni neimperecheati,
adica un electron ocupa un singur orbital.
- Antioxidanti se gasesc in orice celula,
protejeaza organismul de distrugerile provocate la nivel celular de radicalii
liberi.
- Antioxidantii pot neutraliza radicalii liberi limitind distrugerea provocata,
daca suficienti antioxidanti sint involvati - Capacitate suficienta antioxidativa
- Acid Alfa Lipoic prin proprietati si functie regenereaza alti antioxidanti
ca: Vitamina C, Vitamina E, Glutation, Coenzima Q10 ofera protectie antioxidativa
de efectele radicalilor liberi.
Antioxidantii protejind
celula de radicalii liberi - Capacitate suficienta
Sint o multime de antioxidanti in extracte de plante naturale,
fitofarmaceutice, nutraceutice cu capacite de neutralizare a radicalilor
liberi Antioxidanti cheie: Acid Alfa Lipoic, Coenzima Q10, Vitamine: Vitamina
C, Vitamina E, Caretenoizi, (beta caroten,alfa caroten, licopen, luteina,
zeaxantina) Compusi fenolici: Flavonoizi, polifenoli care confera protectie
ridicata antoxidativa
- Suficienti
antioxidanti de recomandat: Acid Alfa Lipoic, Ceai Verde EGCG, Vitamina C, Glutation, Vitamin E, Carotenoizi, Coenzima Q10 sau enzime antioxidante ca superoxid dismutaza (SOD) care detoxifica radicalul superoxid,
peroxidul de hidrogen (H 2O2) si Glutation peroxidaza (GPx) care detoxifica peroxizii celulari
- Spirulina contine superoxid
dismutaza (SOD) un antioxidant puternic 110000 Unitati/100g
- Vitamina E este un important antioxidant solubil in grasime, reduce oxidarea
lipoproteinelor cu densitate joasa LDL, previne initierea si progresia de ateroscleroza.
- Carotenoizi sint fito-nutrienti impiortanti solubili in grasime ca: Alfa caroten,
Beta caroten, Licopene, Luteina, Zeaxantina, Astaxantina.
- Carotenoizi joaca un rol important ca fotoprotectia solara, trebuie sa asiguram
pielii noastre fotoprotectia necesara.
- Compusi fenolici cu proprietaţi antiseptice, antibiotice, antifungice, antivirale.
- Compusi fenolici pot fi solubil in apa sau grasime ca: Hidroxitirosol cel
mai puternic antioxidant din Uleiul de Masline sau capsunii sint compusi
fenolici.
- Coenzima Q10 ca antioxidant in mitocondria si celule cu protectie de peroxidarea
lipidica, CoQ10 reduce oxidarea si leziunea ADN in limfocite.
- Coenzima Q10 cu activitate in mitocondria: Activeaza producerea de Adenozintrifosfat
(ATP)
- Coenzima Q10 ca stabilizator in membrana celulara asigura permeabilitatea membranei
celulare pentru ca substantele vitale
sa poata intra in celula.
- Scaderea concentratiei de Coenzima Q10, pe masura imbatranirii cu pina la 60%
5. Coenzima Q10 cu activitate in mitocondrii: Mitocondria uzina energetica de adenozintrifosfat (ATP) a materiei
vii, activeaza producerea de adenozintrifosfat (ATP)
Coenzima Q10 cu activitate in
mitocondrii: Mitocondria uzina energetica de adenozintrifosfat (ATP)
a materiei vii, activeaza producerea de adenozintrifosfat (ATP)
6. Coenzima Q10 ca antioxidant in mitocondrii si celule cu protectia
de peroxidare lipidica, CoQ10 reduce oxidarea si leziunea ADN in limfocite
7. Coenzima Q10 cu potential de tratament in disfunctie
mitocondriala si dauna oxidativa de radicalii liberi in boala Alzheimer si
Parkinson
Creier sanatos
Creier cu
Alzheimer
- Coenzima Q10 este o substanta vitala,
un antioxidant puternic, neutralizeaza radicalii liberi, ajuta la preintampinarea
efectelor toxice exercitate de multe medicamente sintetice
8. Ceai Verde Supreme cu: Polifenoli, catehine si extr.Epigalocatehingalat
(EGCG) are activitate antioxidanta de neutralizare a radicalilor liberi: radicalul
superoxid(O2-), radicalul peroxil(RO2-), radicalul peroxinitrit(OONO -), peroxid de hidrogen(H2O2) previne oxidarea LDL - biologia si medicina radicalilor liberi
9. Ceai Verde cu: Polifenoli, catehine si extr. Epigalocatehingalat
(EGCG) are activitate antioxidanta de neutralizare a radicalilor liberi, inhiba peroxidarea
lipidelor, degradarea ADN-ului, in 8-hidroxi-2’-deoxiguanozina (8-OHdG), este un biomarker a stresului oxidativ, acumulata in
ADN cauzeaza disfunctia mitocondriala si criza energetica
10. Ceai Verde Supreme un produs natural fotoprotector
protejaza pielea de radiatiile UV, cu activitate antioxdanta si imunomodulatoare
EGCG un produs natural fotoprotector
protejaza pielea
11. Ceai Verde cu: Polifenoli, catehine si extr. Epigalocatehingalat (EGCG) antioxidant puternic un inhibitor enzimei de telomeraza
EGCG cu capacitate de absorbtie a
radicalului liber a oxigenului - ORAC, comparatia valorilor fata de Vitamina
C
12. Ceai Verde cu: Polifenoli, catehine si extr. Epigalocatehingalat (EGCG) are actiune antioxidanta reduce placa aterosclerotica, meta analiza
13. Ceai Verde cu: Polifenoli, catehine si
extr. Epigalocatehingalat (EGCG) in efectul de productie de citokine proinflamatorii si anti inflamator
Nutraceutice - Nutraceuticele Anti Aging Systeme sint din plante naturale: Farmacia
Naturala, care au efecte farmaceutice numite si fitofarmaceutice.
Quercitina cu: Flavonoizi, Polifenoli 95% din:
Farmacia Naturala
Quercetin cu activitate: antioxidanta,
anti-inflammatorie, antivrala, immunomodulatoare, anti cancer, gastroprotectiva,
anti alergica si in prevenirea de complicatii ale diabetului.
14. Quercetina un bioflavonoid
cu proprietati antioxidante
Quercetina cu capacitate de absorbtie a radicalului
liber a oxigenului - ORAC, comparatia valorilor fata de Vitamina C
15. Quercetina un antioxidant puternic inhiba prooxidante ca xantin oxidaza si activitatea
xantin dehidrogenaza
16. Quercetina supliment nutritional
cu actiune antioxidanta la estrogeni si fitoestrogeni
17. Quercetina si Rutina cu actiune de chelatizare
si antioxidanta in peroxidarea lipidica
18. Quercetina si metabolitii
epicatechin ca EGCG participa ca antioxidanti in plasma sanguina
19. Quercetina
si Vitamina C cu efect protector de stresul oxidativ indus in neuro degenerare
Extract din Samburi de Struguri (Vitis Vinifera)
OPC extr. stand. 95%
20. Extract din Samburi de Struguri - OPC in practica, flavonoide si aplicatia lor
exercita actiune anti inflamatoare, anti artritic, anti alergic, previne
inbatrinirea dermei, activitate antioxidanta de neutralizare a radicalilor
liberi si inhibare razelor UV
OPC 95% cu capacitate de absorbtie a radicalului
liber a oxigenului - ORAC, comparatia valorilor fata de Vitamina C
21. Acidul elagic reduce stresul oxidativ
22. Acid Elagic cu actiune de antioxidant
si la procesul de peroxidare lipidica
23. Acid Elagic cu efect protectiv la stresul oxidativ
produs de celulele PC12.
24. Capsaicina
cu activitate antioxidanta
Capsaicina cu activitate antioxidanta
25. N-Acetilcisteina efect protectiv la plamin
de peroxidarea lipidica, previne sindromul de detresa respiratorie indus de
dauna oxidativa a radicalilor liberi
N-Acetilcisteina efect protector la
plamin
26. N-Acetilcisteina ca antioxidant in tratamentul
de citostatica la cancer
N-Acetilcisteina cu capacitate de absorbtie a
radicalului liber a oxigenului - ORAC, comparatia valorilor fata de Vitamina
C
27. N-Acetilcisteina cu actiune antioxidanta in
reactia cu radicalii liberi
28. Acid Alfa Lipoic, este un puternic antioxidant
de 40-60 ori ca Vitamina E, cu actiune de reciclare a altor antioxidanti, cu
activitate antioxidanta de neutralizare a radicalilor liberi.
- Acid Alfa Lipoic (AAL) este un
di-sulfid, numit si acid tioctic sau lipoate poate regenera antioxidanti
ca: Glutationul oxidat la glutation redus, Coenzima Q10, Vitamina C, Vitamina
E, Glutationul disulfid, Cistina in Cisteina, Tioredoxina oxidata la Tioredoxina
redusa importanta care leaga factori de transcriptie de ADN.
29. Antioxidanti reduc nivelul
de F-2 isoprostan, un biomarker a stresului oxidativ, neutralizeaza radicali
liberi* hidroxil (OH) , radicali oxidului nitric (NO), peroxinitrit (OONO -), peroxidul de hidrogen (H2O2), oxigenul singlet (1-O2), etc.
Isoflavone din Pueraria cu actiune:
Antioxidanta
Resveratrol un polifenol din grupa fito-alexinelor.
- Resveratrol combate bolile pe: Calea naturala - Medicina naturala
- Resveratrol face parte din clasa de: Polifenoli, subclasa Stilbene (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene)
- Resveratrol este sintetizat din p-cumaroil CoA si malonil CoA.
- Recunoscut ca antioxidant care raspunde la: Stres, infectii de fungi, si
radiatii ultraviolete (UV)
32. Resveratrol un antioxidant natural cu cu eficienta de actiune in oxidarea
in lipozom
Resveratrol un antioxidant natural cu cu eficienta
de actiune in oxidarea
in lipozom
Bibliografie-Referinte:
Antioxidant, antioxidanti
Informatii din bibliografia electronica la tema: Nutritie
si sanatate
1. Beckman, K. & Ames, B. (1998) "The free radical theory of aging matures" Physiol Rev 78: 548-81.
2. Akiba S, Kawauchi T, Oka T, Hashizume T, Sato T.Inhibitory effect of the
leaf extract of
Ginkgo biloba L. on oxidative stress-induced platelet aggregation.Department
of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.Biochem
Mol Biol Int. 1998
Dec;46(6):1243-8.
3. Haramaki N, Aggarwal S, Kawabata T, Droy-Lefaix MT, Packer L.Effects
of natural antioxidant ginkgo biloba extract (EGB 761) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion
injury. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
94720.Free Radic Biol Med. 1994 Jun;16(6):789-94.
4. Bekerecioglu M, Tercan M, Ozyazgan I.The effect of Gingko
biloba extract (Egb 761) as a free radical scavenger on the survival of skin
flaps in rats. A comparative study. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive
Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.Scand J Plast
Reconstr Surg Hand Surg.
1998 Jun;32(2):135-9.
5. Ernster L. (1977) Facts and ideas
about the function of coenzyme Q10 in the Mitochondria. In: Folkers K., Yamamura
Y.
(eds) Biomedical and Clinical Aspects of Coenzyme Q. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp
15-8.
6. Ernster L., and Forsmark P Ubiquinol
: an endogenous antioxidant in aerobic organisms. Seventh International Symposium on Biomedical and Clinical Aspects of Coenzyme
Q10 Folkers K., et al (Eds) The
Clin Inves 1993 ; Suppl 71 (8): S60-S65.
- Aryoma O. Free Radicals And Antioxidant strategies in sports.J Nutr Biochem
1994 5:370
- Lockwood K., Moesgaard S., Hanioka T., Folkers K. Apparent partial remission
of breast cancer in high risk patients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants,
essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10. Mol Aspects Med 1994;15
Suppl:s231-40.
- Ingold K.U., Bowry V.W., Stocker R.Autoxidation
of lipids and antioxidation by
alpha-tocopherol and ubiquinol in homogeneous solution and in aqueous dispersions of lipids: unrecognized consequences
of lipid particle size as exemplified by oxidation of human low density lipoprotein.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA 1993 Jan
1;90(1):45-9.
- Lass A, Sohal RS. Effect of coenzyme Q10 and alpha-tocopherol content of mitochondria
on the production of superoxide anion radicals. FASEB J. 2000; 14:87-94.
- Tomasetti M, Littaru GP, Stocker R, Alleva R. Coenzyme Q10 enrichment decreases
oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Free Rad Biol Med. 1999; 27:1027-1032.
7. Beal MF. Mitochondrial
dysfunction and oxidative damage in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and
coenzyme Q10 as a potential treatment. Department of Neurology and Neuroscience,
New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525
East 68th Street, New York, New York 10021, USA. fbeal@med.cornell.edu J Bioenerg
Biomembr. 2004 Aug;36(4):381-6.
- Beal MF. Mitochondria, oxidative damage, and inflammation in Parkinson's disease.
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University,
New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10021, USA. fbeal@med.cornell.edu
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Jun;991:120-31.
8. Mazur
WM, Wahala K, Rasku S, Salakka A, Hase T, Adlercreutz
H. Lignan and isoflavonoid concentrations in tea. Department of Clinical
Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland. Br J Nutr. 1998 Jan;79(1):37-45.
- Imai K, Nakachi K. Cross sectional study of effects of drinking green tea on
cardiovascular and liver diseases. British Medical Journal, 1995;
310: 693-696.
9. Shigenaga MK, Ames BN. Assays
for 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a biomarker of in vivo oxidative DNA
damage. Free
Radic. Biol. Med., 1991;
10: 211-6.
- H. Kasai, P.F. Crain, Y. Kuchino, S. Nishimura, A.Ootsuyama and H. Tanooka.
Carcinogenesis 7:1849-51, 1986.
10. Katiyar SK. Skin
photoprotection by green tea: antioxidant and immunomodulatory
effects. Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at
Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Curr Drug Targets Immune
Endocr Metabol Disord. 2003 Sep;3(3):234-42.
- H. Ochi. Rouka seigyo syokuhin no kaihatsu (Development of foods for control
of aging)
Korin Press,
p. 294, 1995.
11. Chyu KY, Babbidge SM, Zhao X, Dandillaya
R, Rietveld AG, Yano J, Dimayuga P, Cercek B, Shah PK. Differential effects of
green tea-derived catechin on developing versus established atherosclerosis in
apolipoprotein E-null mice. Atherosclerosis Research Center, Division of Cardiology,
and Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and David Geffen School
of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.Circulation.
2004 May 25;109(20):2448-53. Epub 2004 May 10
- Peters U, Poole C, Arab L. Does tea affect cardiovascular disease A meta-analysis.
Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154(6):495-503.
12. Crouvezier, S., Powell,
B., Keir, D., and Yaqoob, P. (2001) The effects of phenolic components
of tea on the production
of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by human leukocytes in
vitro. Cytokine 13, 280-286.
13. Khalfoun B, et al., Docosahexaenoic
and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro human endothelial cell production
of interleukin-6. Adv Exp Med Biol 1997;400B:589-97
- Terano T, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid as a modulator of inflammation. Effect
on prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Biochem Pharmacol 1986 Mar 1;35(5):779-85
-R aederstorff D, et al. Anti-inflammatory properties of docosahexaenoic and
eicosapentaenoic acids in phorbol-ester-induced mouse ear inflammation. Int Arch
Allergy Immunol 1996 Nov;111(3):284-90
- Mayatepek E, et al. Influence of dietary (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids
on leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis and course of experimental tuberculosis
in guinea pigs. Infection 1994 Mar-Apr;22(2):106-12
- Khalfoun B, et al. Docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro
human lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Transplantation 1996 Dec 15;62(11):1649-57
14. Morand C, Crespy V, Manach C, Besson
C, Demigne C, Remesy C. Plasma
metabolites
of quercetin and their antioxidant properties. Laboratoire des Maladies Metaboliques
et des Micronutriments, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix,
63122 Saint-Genes-Champanelle,
France.
- Hollman PC, van Trijp JM, Mengelers MJ, de Vries JH, Katan MB. Bioavailability
of the dietary antioxidant flavonol quercetin in man. DLO State Institute for
Quality Control of Agricultural Products (RIKLIT-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
p.c.h.hollman@rikilt.dlo.nl Cancer Lett. 1997 Mar 19;114(1-2):139-40.
15. Bindoli A, Valente M, Cavallini L. Inhibitory
action of quercetin on xanthine
oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase activity. Pharmacol Res Commun. 1985 Sep;17(9):831-9.
16. Wiseman H, O'Reilly J. Influence
of the dietary flavonoid quercetin on the cardioprotective antioxidant action
of oestrogen and phytoestrogens. Biochem Soc Trans. 1997 Feb;25(1):108S.
17. Afanas'ev IB, Dorozhko AI, Brodskii
AV, Kostyuk VA, Potapovitch AI. Chelating
and free radical scavenging mechanisms of inhibitory action of rutin and
quercetin in lipid peroxidation. All-Union Vitamin Research Institute,
Moscow, U.S.S.R. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 1;38(11):1763-9.
18. Terao J. Dietary flavonoids as
antioxidants in vivo: conjugated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and quercetin
participate
in antioxidative defense in blood
plasma. J Med Invest. 1999 Aug;46(3-4):159-68.
19. Heo HJ, Lee CY. Protective
effects of quercetin and vitamin C against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456,
USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Dec 15;52(25):7514-7.
20. Schwitters B, et al. OPC in practice.
Bioflavanols and their applications. Rome, Italy: Alfa Omega, 1993.
- Masquelier J. Procyanidolic oligomers. J Parums Cosm Arom 95: 89–97,
1990.
21. Yu YM, Chang WC, Wu CH, Chiang SY. Reduction of oxidative stress
and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits by ellagic acid. Department of
Nutrition, China
Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. yuyamei@hotmail.com J Nutr
Biochem. 2005 Nov;16(11):675-81.
Epub 2005 Aug 2.
22. Majid S, Khanduja KL, Gandhi RK, Kapur S, Sharma RR. Influence of
ellagic acid on antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidation in mice. Department
of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,
India. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 12;42(7):1441-5.
- Osawa, T., Ide, A., Su, J. D., and Namiki, M., Inhibition of lipid peroxidation
by ellagic acid. J. Agric. Food Chem., 35, 808–812
- Ashoori F, Suzuki S, Zhou JH, Isshiki N, Miyachi Y. Involvement of lipid peroxidation
in necrosis of skin flaps and its suppression by ellagic acid. Department of
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan. Plast Reconstr
Surg. 1994 Dec;94(7):1027-37.
23. Pavlica S, Gebhardt R. Protective effects of ellagic and chlorogenic acids
against oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Institut fur Biochemie, Medizinische
Fakultat, Universitat Leipzig, Liebigstr. 16, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. Free Radic
Res. 2005 Dec;39(12):1377-90.
24. Ochi T, Takaishi Y, Kogure K, Yamauti I.Antioxidant activity
of a new capsaicin derivative from Capsicum annuum. J Nat Prod.
2003 Aug;66(8):1094-6.
25. Ortolani O, Conti A, De Gaudio AR, et al. Protective effects
of N-acetylcysteine and rutin on the lipid peroxidation of the
lung epithelium during the adult respiratory
distress syndrome. Shock. 2000; 13:14-18.
- Sala R, Moriggi E, Corvasce G, Morelli D. Protection by N-acetylcysteine against
pulmonary endothelial cell damage induced by oxidant damage. Eur Respir J. 1993;
6:440-446.
26. Bongers V, de Jong J, Steen I,
et al. Antioxidant-related parameters in patients treated for cancer chemoprevention
with N-acetylcysteine. Europ J Cancer. 1995;
31A:921-923.
- Oikawa S, Yamada K, Yamashita N, et al. N-acetylcysteine, a cancer chemopreventive
agent, causes oxidative damage to cellular and isolated DNA. Carcinogenesis.
1999; 20:1485-1490.
27. Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey
BM, Butler B: The antioxidant action of N-acetylcysteine; its reaction
with hydrogen
peroxide, hydroxyl radical, superoxide, and hypochlorous
acid. J Free Radic Biol Med 1989, 6:593-597.
28. Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler, HJ. Alpha-lipoic as a biological antioxidant.
Free Rad Biol Med. 1995; 19:227-250.
- Lykkesfeldt J, Hagen TM, Vinarsky V, Ames BN. Age-associated decline in ascorbic
and concentration, recycling and biosynthesis in rat hepatocytes-reversal with
(R)-alpha-lipoic acid supplementation. FASEB J. 1998; 12:1183-1189.
29. Dietrich,
M., G. Block, M. Hudes, J. D. Morrow, E. P. Norkus, M. G. Traber, C. E. Cross
and L. Packer (2002). "Antioxidant
supplementation decreases lipid peroxidation biomarker F(2)- isoprostanes in
plasma of smokers." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11(1): 7-13. - Calabrese V, Ravagna A, Colombrita
C, Scapagnini G, Guagliano E, Calvani M, Butterfield DA, Giuffrida Stella AM.
Acetylcarnitine induces heme oxygenase in rat astrocytes and protects against
oxidative stress: Involvement of the transcription factor Nrf2. Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Catania, Catania, Italy. J Neurosci Res. 2005 Jan 7. - Marangon K, Devaraj S, Tirosh O, et
al. Comparison of the effect of alpha-lipoic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation
on measures of oxidative stress. Free Rad Biol Med. 1999; 27:1114-1121. - Kagan V, Khan S, Swanson C, et al.
Antioxidant action of thioctic acid and dihydrolipoic acid. Free Radic Biol
Med 1990;9S:15. - Martin E, Rosenthal RE, Fiskum G.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: Metabolic link to ischemic brain injury and
target of oxidative stress. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. J Neurosci Res. 2005 Jan 1;79(1-2):240-7.
31. Scholich H, Murphy ME, Sies
H. Antioxidant activity of dihydrolipoate against microsomal lipid peroxidation
and its dependence
on alpha-tocopherol. Biochem
Biophys Acta 1989;1001:256–61. - Kagan V, Serbinova E, Packer L. Antioxidant
effects of ubiquinones in microsomes and mitochondria are mediated by tocopherol
recycling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1990;169:851–7. - Busse E, Zimmer G, Schorpohl B, et
al. Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on intracellular glutathione in vitro and
in vivo. Arzneimittelforschung1992;42:829–31.
30. Nichols TW Jr. Alpha-lipoic acid: biological effects and clinical implications.
Altern Med Rev 1997;2:177–83
32.
Stojanovic S, Sprinz H, Brede O. Efficiency and mechanism of the antioxidant
action of trans-resveratrol and its analogues in the radical liposome oxidation.
Research Unit Time-Resolved Spectroscopy, University of Leipzig, Permoserstrasse
15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Jul 1;391(1):79-89.
Literatura
- Chemistry
and Applications of Green Tea by Takehiko Yamamoto, Lekh Raj Juneja,
Djoing-Chi Chu, Mujo Kim, L.R. Juneja, D.C. Chu, M. Kim
Parerea din pasajele acestui site nu a fost independent cercetate sau confirmate.